The Legend of Olomouc’s Baroque Fountains

Olomouc has a unique collection of six Baroque fountains. They were built to provide water to the city. However, they also served as symbols of prestige and power. The city wanted to show off its wealth and culture. This led to the creation of elaborate sculptures based on Roman myths.

These fountains are part of the city's identity. They survived wars and modernization over the centuries. Today, they are protected as national cultural monuments. Many of them are located near the UNESCO-listed Holy Trinity Column. This makes the city center a paradise for walkers and history buffs.

The stories behind these fountains connect Olomouc to the Roman Empire. Local legends claim the city was founded by Roman soldiers. These artistic works keep those legends alive for every visitor. Let’s dive into the most famous ones you should visit.

Stories Behind the Caesar and Mercury Fountains

Here are the top 10 sights and experiences to explore in Olomouc. This list includes the most iconic fountains and nearby gems. Use this to plan your perfect walking tour of the historic center.

• Best overall: Caesar Fountain
• Best for history: Mercury Fountain
• Best for families: Arion Fountain
• Best free sight: Holy Trinity Column

1. Name: Caesar Fountain Type: Iconic sight Why go: This is the most famous fountain in the city. It tells the story of Julius Caesar, who legend says founded Olomouc. The statue shows Caesar on a horse looking toward the Holy Hill. Best for: History lovers Where: Upper Square (Horní náměstí) Time: 15 minutes Cost: Free Getting there: Walk to the center of the Upper Square. Tip: Look for the dog at the base of the statue; it represents loyalty to the city.
2. Name: Mercury Fountain Type: Iconic sight Why go: This fountain is a masterpiece of Baroque art. It features Mercury, the god of trade and messengers. It represents the city's history as a major trading hub in Moravia. Best for: Art enthusiasts Where: 28. října Street Time: 10 minutes Cost: Free Getting there: A short walk from the Upper Square toward the Lower Square. Tip: Visit at night when the sculpture is beautifully lit.
3. Name: Hercules Fountain Type: Iconic sight Why go: This fountain shows the mythical hero Hercules fighting a hydra. It symbolizes the city's strength and its ability to overcome hardships. Best for: Photo opportunities Where: Upper Square, near the Town Hall Time: 10 minutes Cost: Free Getting there: Located right next to the Astronomical Clock. Tip: Check the details on the hydra's heads for impressive craftsmanship.
4. Name: Neptune Fountain Type: Iconic sight Why go: Dedicated to the god of the sea, this was the first of the six Baroque fountains built. It features Neptune holding a trident to calm the waters. Best for: Classic Baroque art Where: Lower Square (Dolní náměstí) Time: 10 minutes Cost: Free Getting there: Walk south from the Upper Square for three minutes. Tip: This is the oldest fountain, so compare its style to the newer ones.
5. Name: Jupiter Fountain Type: Iconic sight Why go: Jupiter is the king of the gods, and this fountain shows him with a lightning bolt. It was the last of the original Baroque fountains to be completed. Best for: Myth lovers Where: Lower Square Time: 10 minutes Cost: Free Getting there: Located at the southern end of the Lower Square. Tip: Notice the eagle at Jupiter's feet, a classic symbol of power.
6. Name: Arion Fountain Type: Unique local experience Why go: This is a modern fountain built in 2002 to complete the historic set. It features a friendly turtle and tells the story of the poet Arion saved by a dolphin. Best for: Families with children Where: Upper Square Time: 20 minutes Cost: Free Getting there: Situated on the corner of the Upper Square. Tip: Children are allowed to splash in the water here during hot summer days.
7. Name: Holy Trinity Column Type: Viewpoint/Sight Why go: This UNESCO World Heritage site is the largest Baroque sculpture group in Central Europe. It is a stunning display of faith and gratitude after a plague. Best for: Architecture fans Where: Upper Square Time: 30 minutes Cost: Free Getting there: You cannot miss it in the center of the Upper Square. Tip: Look for the small golden cannonball, a reminder of the city's past sieges.
8. Name: Olomouc Astronomical Clock Type: Unique local experience Why go: Unlike the clock in Prague, this one was rebuilt in a Socialist Realist style. It features workers and scientists instead of saints. Best for: Curious travelers Where: Town Hall wall, Upper Square Time: 15 minutes Cost: Free Getting there: Located on the northern side of the Town Hall. Tip: Be there at noon to see the figures move to local folk music.
9. Name: Lower Square (Dolní náměstí) Type: Neighborhood/Market Why go: This area is quieter than the Upper Square and full of charming cafes. It hosts seasonal markets and local festivals throughout the year. Best for: Relaxing Where: Dolní náměstí Time: 1 hour Cost: Free Getting there: Connected directly to the Upper Square. Tip: Grab a coffee at one of the outdoor terraces to enjoy the view of the Neptune fountain.
10. Name: Bouzov Castle Type: Day trip Why go: Located just outside the city, this is one of the most romantic castles in the country. It looks like it came straight out of a fairy tale. Best for: Day trips Where: Bouzov village (30km from Olomouc) Time: 4-5 hours Cost: Moderate entry fee Getting there: Take a local bus or a 35-minute drive from the city. Tip: Book your tour in advance as it is very popular on weekends.

Exploring Beyond the Famous Fountains

Olomouc offers much more than just its famous water features. The city is a vibrant university town with a lively atmosphere. You can find many cozy pubs and modern restaurants tucked away in narrow alleys. For more ideas, check out the Olomouc Tourism Portal for current events.

In 2026, the city plans to host several cultural festivals. These events often take place right in the squares near the fountains. You can enjoy live music and local food while admiring the Baroque art. It is the perfect way to experience the local culture.

Walking is the best way to see everything. The historic center is mostly pedestrian-friendly. You can easily follow a walking route to see all Olomouc fountains in a single afternoon. This allows you to take your time and soak in the history.

Practical Tips for Your Olomouc Visit

When planning your trip, consider visiting in late spring or early autumn. The weather is mild, and the fountains are usually active from April to October. During winter, the statues are still visible, but the water is turned off to protect them. You can find more travel inspiration on the Visit Czechia - Olomouc page.

Most sights in the city center are free to view. This makes Olomouc a great destination for budget travelers. You only need to pay for museum entries or guided tours. Local transport is also affordable and easy to use if you stay outside the center.

English is widely spoken in tourist areas and by younger people. However, learning a few Czech phrases like "Dobrý den" (Good day) is always appreciated. The locals are generally friendly and proud of their city's rich history.