The History of Caesar Fountain in Olomouc Square

The history of Caesar Fountain in Olomouc square began in the early 1700s. It was completed in 1725 by the master sculptor Václav Render. Render was a prominent figure in the city’s Baroque movement. He wanted to create a grand monument that honored the mythical founder of the city. According to local legend, Julius Caesar established Olomouc during his northern campaigns.

The fountain features a dynamic statue of Caesar on a rearing horse. He is depicted as a powerful Roman leader looking toward the St. Michael’s Hill. Below the horse, two male figures represent the Morava and Danube rivers. A small dog sits at the base, symbolizing the loyalty of the citizens. These details make it the most complex fountain in the city.

This site is one of the most important historical places in Olomouc. In the past, these fountains were vital for the city’s water supply. They provided fresh water to residents before modern pipes existed. Today, the Caesar Fountain serves as a central meeting point. It remains a proud reminder of the city's legendary Roman heritage.

10 Highlights of the Baroque Fountains Olomouc Walking Route

The city center is easy to explore on foot. This list highlights the best stops along the traditional walking route. You will see masterpieces of Baroque sculpture and unique modern additions.

1. Name: Caesar Fountain Type: sight Why go: It is the largest and most famous fountain in Olomouc. Best for: History lovers. Where: Upper Square (Horní náměstí). Time: 15 minutes. Cost: Free. Getting there: Center of the main square. Tip: Look for the small dog at the base of the statue.
2. Name: Arion Fountain Type: sight Why go: This modern fountain complements the historic ones with a turtle theme. Best for: Families. Where: Upper Square. Time: 10 minutes. Cost: Free. Getting there: Near the Town Hall. Tip: Children often enjoy playing near the bronze turtle statues.
3. Name: Hercules Fountain Type: sight Why go: It depicts the mythical hero fighting the Hydra. Best for: Art enthusiasts. Where: Upper Square. Time: 10 minutes. Cost: Free. Getting there: North side of the Town Hall. Tip: Notice the intricate details of the monster's heads.
4. Name: Jupiter Fountain Type: sight Why go: It honors the king of the gods with a striking pose. Best for: Photography. Where: Lower Square (Dolní náměstí). Time: 10 minutes. Cost: Free. Getting there: Short walk south from Upper Square. Tip: The evening light here is perfect for photos.
5. Name: Neptune Fountain Type: sight Why go: This was the first of the great Baroque fountains built in the city. Best for: History buffs. Where: Lower Square. Time: 10 minutes. Cost: Free. Getting there: Center of the Lower Square. Tip: It was designed by a sculptor from Gdansk.
6. Name: Mercury Fountain Type: sight Why go: It is widely considered the most artistically valuable Baroque fountain. Best for: Fine art lovers. Where: 8. Května Street. Time: 10 minutes. Cost: Free. Getting there: Near the Prior department store. Tip: Look for the caduceus in Mercury's hand.
7. Name: Triton Fountain Type: sight Why go: It features beautiful sea-themed sculptures and dolphins. Best for: Quiet observation. Where: Republic Square (Náměstí Republiky). Time: 10 minutes. Cost: Free. Getting there: Near the Museum of Art. Tip: This square is usually much quieter than the main squares.
8. Name: Holy Trinity Column Type: sight Why go: It is a UNESCO World Heritage site and Baroque masterpiece. Best for: Everyone. Where: Upper Square. Time: 30 minutes. Cost: Free. Getting there: Central landmark. Tip: Read our Holy Trinity Column Olomouc guide for more history.
9. Name: Olomouc Town Hall Type: experience Why go: It houses a rare Socialist-Realist astronomical clock. Best for: Culture seekers. Where: Upper Square. Time: 45 minutes. Cost: Small fee for tower tours. Getting there: Main building on the square. Tip: Check out the Olomouc astronomical clock history before the noon show.
10. Name: Upper Square Viewpoint Type: viewpoint Why go: It offers the best panoramic view of all the monuments. Best for: Relaxing. Where: Horní náměstí. Time: 1 hour. Cost: Free. Getting there: Accessible by all central tram lines. Tip: Grab a coffee at a nearby cafe to enjoy the view.

Planning Your Visit to Olomouc's Historic Center

Visiting Olomouc is a rewarding experience for any traveler. The city is very walkable and the terrain is mostly flat. You can easily see all the major fountains in a single morning. Most visitors arrive by train from Prague or Ostrava. The walk from the station to the center takes about 20 minutes.

The best time to visit is from April to October. This is when the water in the fountains is usually flowing. During the winter, the statues are often protected from the frost. Summer also brings outdoor markets and festivals to the squares. You will find plenty of restaurants offering traditional Moravian cuisine nearby.

Always check the local weather before you head out. Olomouc is a student city, so it stays lively even on weekdays. Most of the historic sites are free to view from the outside. You should carry some local currency for small cafes or tower entries. Enjoy the relaxed pace of this historic university town.